5 Types Of Septic Systems

Home ImprovementOctober 31, 2023

Septic systems exhibit a wide range of diversity in terms of their design and size. The specific type of septic system employed is contingent upon numerous factors. They include the size of the household and the property and soil characteristics, among others.

These variables fluctuate from one location to another and significantly influence the configuration and dimensions of the septic system.

We have curated a list of five distinct septic systems and delved into their characteristics to provide you with insights into the available options.

Table of Contents

Mound Septic Systems

Mound septic systems are default choices in areas with high groundwater levels, limited soil depth or clay soil, as most systems are unsuitable in these conditions.

These systems necessitate the construction of a sand mound and require additional electrical and mechanical components

Wastewater from the septic tank is discharged into a pumping system, incrementally conveying the effluent to the sand mound. Mound systems do require additional maintenance compared to some other options.

A mound-based septic system’s lifespan is generally shorter than a standard one’s. While most of the septic systems may need replacement every 20 years or so, the mound system may require replacement sooner, depending on maintenance.

Conventional Septic Systems

Typically suitable for smaller residential properties or businesses, conventional septic systems consist of two main components: a septic tank and a drainage field filled with gravel. In this system, wastewater originating from the household flows through pipes to the septic tank.

Here, the initial treatment takes place, breaking down and treating the waste. The treated effluent is then directed to the drainage field, where it undergoes further purification facilitated by soil microbes.

Chamber Systems

Chamber systems utilize a distinct arrangement of pipes within the system. This design uses a gravelless approach, directing wastewater from the septic tank into chambers. Within these chambers, the surrounding soil aids in wastewater treatment, mirroring the process seen in conventional systems. The key divergence lies in the drainage method.

Aerobic Treatment Systems

Aerobic septic systems are perfect for properties with high water tables, unsuitable soil conditions, or limited space. They incorporate added oxygen to enhance the bacterial treatment of wastewater.

These systems differentiate themselves from the conventional ones and often support using a more compact leach field.

Drip Distribution Systems

Drip distribution septic systems can be applied in conjunction with various types of drainage fields. Within this system, pipes are installed in the topsoil. This configuration allows wastewater to seep into the soil for treatment slowly.

Notably, these systems require an additional tank that regulates the water flow after leaving the septic tank, preventing the drainage field from becoming overwhelmed.

The selection of the most appropriate septic system hinges on several variables including groundwater levels, soil depth, geographical location, and the available space on the property.

To make the right decision, requesting a Percolation test and consulting with a professional is advisable. He can offer guidance in selecting the optimal septic system tailored to the specific requirements of your property.